Summary Of Looking For Alibrandi English Literature Essay

Summary Of Looking For Alibrandi English Literature Essay Melina Marchetta s novel of Looking for Alibrandi tells a story of a ordinary but typical 17- year-old girl Josie Alibrandi who is an Australian of Italian descent. She is an illegitimate child brought up by her solo mother hardly. Therefore as a passionate teenage, she confronts and resolves a number of problems of reconciling her familys past with her futures, after experience these, Josie learns to accept her cultural heritage, and get an banlance between the demands of her Italian heritage and her ambitions in Australia. Josephine is on the road of growing. Josie accepts her cultural heritage through understanding her grandmother Katias past. At the first part of the novel, Katia seems to be a stereotypical Italian woman, and a guardian of culture. She doesnt allow Josie to go to camp, and often criticizes her about anything. Josephine disagrees with her and argues with her,Its not the youth of today, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Its you and people like you, always worrying what other people think.' (Melina,1992, p.37). However, as the novel develops, nanon told a lot of things about her past to Josie, As a beautiful young girl who was interested in boys, she was married off her family to an older man and then moved to Australia where she knew no one and had to manage alone in the hut while her husband was away working. She became pregnant to an Australia man who loved her, yet stayed with her unloving husband because of the child. After her husband died, Christina was brought up by nonna alone. Without telling her daughter the truth, she sacrificed her whole life for Christina, but never ever told her daughter what she gave up. Josie begins to agree with her after know these and is conscious of the important cultural heritage, and then refers to her grandmother asthe strongest women'(Melina,1992,p.226). She becomes an obedient girl and a dutiful daughter, so when Jocob wants to have sex with her, she refuses, she would not want to break the tradition that not to have sex before marriage. The love experiences with two very different boys ¼Ã…’John Barton and Jacob Coote, makes Josie accept her family background and help her to find herself. Josie has always been attracted to John Barton, At first, Josie thinks john is the man of her dream, and with good reason, from a rich family, bound for law school, and good-looking, what just like josie wanted to own by herself,The world of sleek haircuts and upper-class privileges (Melina,1992,p.32). The cultural differences between Josie and John is the cultural differences between the poor and the rich. In josies eyes, John seems to have everything going for him. John barton is a son of a wealthy MP. However,despite his privileged social status, he cannot find happiness. His father wished he turned excellent politician. He finds it impossible to escape the pressures from his family, so he chooses suicide. And this give josie a great shock and provides her with a tragic perspective for her own life and problems I remembered w hen we spoke about our emancipation. The horror is that he had to die to achieve his. The beauty is that Im living to achieve mine.(Melina,1992,p.240), the suicide of her unrequited sweetheart makes her resilience. Despite being emotionally hurt, Josephine discovers to value her identity, and chang her approach towards life. Through the assistance of john Barton she successfully finds her true self, and then she gets the liberation. The other boy is Jacob Coote whom Josie loves. They have many fights, but eventually things turn out for the best. Jacob Coote is working-class bad boy, the cultural differences between Josie and Jacob is the cultural differences between Australian-Italians and other Australians(Tran, Udomsak, Stale,2009)At the beginning of the novel, Jacobs wonderful speech attracts Josie and makes her interested in him, but later his casual dresses and his behaviour astonishes her. Just like this, Josie always has conflicting feelings towards Jacob. When John died, Jocob lends a shoulder to her, and he saves her from the bad man on her way home, she finds he is considerate and always able to find ways to let her calm down. Josie takes Jacobs advice, Break away from those rules, Josie. Make your own.'(Melina,1992,p.206). At the same time, Jacob teaches her to own dream forever, promise me youll never stop dreaming. (Melina,1992,p.239)andyou wont have to put up with some cultureless Aussie with no h eart and soul. (Melina,1992,p.208). Jacob is special to Josie, because of the same class, Josie can learn to get rid of bias of identity under his help and better to answer the question of what I am(E ´lise, Pierre, JeanPierre, et al..2007). The recognition of Josie and her father Michael appears Josie get ou of the obsession of illegitimacy identity, accepting her whole family. From the beginning, she wants her father along with her, and then is angry for his absence in her life, has never seen her father and has always had life long dream of meeting him. Seventeen-year-olds dont need a father.'(Melina,1992,P.66); So when she first is aware of her fathers exist, she doesnt know how to face him. Until one day she hits Carlys nose heavily by book and is forced to shout out her fathers phone number, she realizes her strong feelings of having a father in her mind. Simultaneously, as the father rejects her at first but, with Josies persistence her father finally accepts her. Michael tells Josie,A person doesnt necessarily have to be happy just because they have social standing and material wealth, Josie. (Melina,1992,p.235), and let her know not judge people by their appearance alone. When John was dead, Michael tells her li ving is the challenge, dying is so easy(Melina,1992,p.236) to make her strong, and from the words People change. Circumstances change them. (Melina,1992,p.243), Josie learns to accept all the changes. From the above all, josie feels the support from a father and wants a whole family. In conclusion, Josie learns to accept her cultural heritage, her family, and everything around her in the life. She doesnt feel ashamed on National Wog Day and likes to invite her friends to enjoy it. She is pretty sure about her destiny now. the Alibrandi women are not cursed, but blessed! Ultimately, the most important thing is that she finds that she must be true to herself, her beliefs and her dreams.

Poems of Edgar Allan Poe Essay

A tell-tale heart – essay The gradual descent into insanity is a common characteristic of Edgar Allan Poe as an auteur. This being one of Poe’s shortest stories separates itself from his other literature as it draws its focus onto the irony of the stalking, and confession of the murder of an old man. ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’ explores the mind of a mentally unstable and delusional individual on his descent to madness. In doing so the short story touches upon the contrasts between the rational and irrational. The ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’ presents two physical settings. It is clear from the narrator’s perspective that there is a change of setting. â€Å"Observe how healthily – how calmly I can tell you the whole story†, the narrator then continues, â€Å"It is impossible to say how first the idea entered my brain†. This passage indicates that the story that is narrated, is told in retrospect. The passage can be interpreted as being the narrator attempting to justify his murder and convince the reader that he is not mad as he can tell the story calmly and sanely. The passage can also be perceived as being directed towards the police officers that are introduced at the end of the story. In doing so the narrator might also try to convince the police officers that his deed was justified and necessary. The theme of insanity is shown through the narrators descend into madness. The narrator states that â€Å"very gradually – I made up my mind to take the life of the old man† which marks the beginning of his descent. It is made clear to the recipient of the story that the narrator believes he is sagacious in his lurking. However, the narration gives the impression that he is a madman. The narrator says â€Å"I undid the lantern cautiously-oh, so cautiously – cautiously† and also says â€Å"I kept pushing it on steadily, steadily† and â€Å"you cannot imagine how stealthily, stealthily†. The narrator’s reiterations present a sort of vocal tic which adds to his characteristic of being mentally unstable and mad. The story explores the contrasts between the rational and irrational. The theme of rationality is shown through the narrator’s attempts to rationalize his actions. The premise of the narrator’s suffocation of the old man is the ‘evil eye’ he has. Whenever the narrator gazes at the â€Å"dull blue† eye he experiences chills through â€Å"the very marrow† in his bones. This suggests that the old man’s eye terrifies him. It does, however, seem very unlikely that the old man has an inhuman eye â€Å"no human eye – not even his†. The rational explanation for the appearance of the eye that the narrator is fixated about, is that the old man is suffering from cataract. The disease bears a close resemblance to the eye of a vulture. This is proven by the narrator’s very similar description of the eye’s â€Å"pale blue, with a film over it† and â€Å"a dull blue, with a hideous veil†. This can also explain why the old man is never woken up or is disturbed by having the light shone into his â€Å"evil eye†. This is because he might be lacking vision in one eye. The narrator attempts to convince the reader that he is cunning and wise when observing the old man in his bed. The narrator’s irrational nature is emphasized in this passage where he very slowly enters the bedroom with only his head and lantern â€Å"It took me an hour to place my whole head within the opening so far that I could see him as he lay upon his bed†. The use of irony in the short story adds to the narrator’s complete unawareness of his own instability expressed through his lack of rational perception. The narrator contradicts himself implicitly. He states that he â€Å"loved the old man† and that â€Å"he had never wronged me†. This implies that he had no quarrels with the old man and therefore had no motivation for murdering him. He then contradicts himself by being excited by the old man’s â€Å"uncontrollable terror†. The theme of irony is also shown when the narrator hears the old man’s â€Å"groan of mortal terror† and recognizes the feeling. The narrator â€Å"knew the sound well†, he had experienced them himself being â€Å"welled up from my own bosom, deepening, with its dreadful echo, the terrors that distracted me†. This can be interpreted as the narrator explaining that he suffers from terrors which indicates that he has been or is feeling fear to the marrow of his bones and has experienced something horrific. This is also supported by the symbolism of the narrator burying the old man underneath the floorboards, which can be interpreted as him repressing his emotions and hiding them and then eventually being welled up when he confesses the murder. However, it is vaguely explained and remains a mystery to the readers. This corresponds well with the characteristic of the narrator which is only described implicitly. The narrator’s gender is not revealed. This might be because the gender of the narrator is not important to the story and that Edgar Allan Poe has written the story in such a way that the common reader assumes the gender of the narrator to be male. The most prominent ironic situation is the narrator’s own sagaciousness and over-acuteness that end up being the reasons for his confession to the police officers. His own hypersensitivity betrays him. This also supports his irrationality as he had confirmed the death of the old man when he felt his heart. He is however still convinced that the beating heart belongs to the â€Å"stone dead† man. This also shows his descent into madness as he perceives the noise as being a ringing in his ears, but then convinces himself that it is â€Å"the beating† of the old man’s â€Å"hideous heart†. He contradicts himself in this passage where he has previously described himself as cunning but is unable to correctly identify the source of the beating heart. ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’ is a story that largely focuses on the inability of the narrator to judge his own state of sanity. This is further supported by the narrator frequently being deceived by his own senses and even contradicting himself which diminishes his reliability. The topic of repressed emotions and the border between sanity and insanity is addressed by interpreting the narrator’s behavior and actions. This determines that the narrator is indeed a madman.

How Did Shakespeare Portray the Concept of Honor in Henry Iv Part 1

How did Shakespeare portray a concept of honour in Henry IV part 1? In this world, there exists, since the dawn of civilisation of mankind, a thing that we are fighting and dying for—that is honour. Shakespeare explores the theme of honour in Henry IV part 1 in a rather interesting way by having it presented in a different form varying from character to character. Henry IV wants to protect his honour by using any means available to vanquish the rebels, his sinful act to King Richard also keeps haunting him and shakes his own faith in his honour.While his son’s dishonourable acts in the beginning of the play wearies him further. Superficially, one may think Prince Hal is a typical young slacker whose life has been fully lured by the glamorous but immoral world of liquor,gambling, prostitution and crime, the truth is, unbeknownst to anyone, the prince is scheming to reform himself from an idler into a more responsible and competent heir to the throne. Here, his vision of honour of behaving like the royal is an impetus for him to seek new behaviour which will bring him more merits, making him an honourable figure the status he deserves.Or Hotspur, honour is everything, ironically more valuable than his wife. His excess obsession of honour induces many political mistakes, most notably his decision to confront the king at Shreswbury despite having less number of troops. In other words, Hotspur’s passion for honour blinds him from the reality. For all his chivalry and valor in the battle, Hotspur is proved to fail at being a military strategis as well as effective leader. It is none other than the lazy, unscrupulous and coward Sir Falstaff whose existence in the play represents the values that totally oppose the fore-mentioned concepts of honour.His disenchanted view on honour can make the audiences see that the reason behind other characters’ action are single-minded and irrational or more poignantly worthless. Overall, the exhilaration o f the play partially arises from Shakespeare’ way of presenting honour in various forms, paralleling the play to the real world where different people all know honour with different interpretation. King Henry IV whose name is the title of the play, is not in fact the protagonist, however the play speculates what has occurred during his turbulent reign. In Richard II, the audiences see him as dynamic and brave, indicating his kingly qualities.All the audiences must then be bewildered upon seeing him in this play. Suspicious, stressful and sick was the king after all dishonouralbe acts he did to King Richard previously. Shakespeare tries to explore how the sin of being viciously dishonourable comes back to haunt its perpetrator. Despite the king’s regret of what he did to Richard and his passion to redeem himself by going to crusade, this sin seems to block all the means for the king to purify himself. The rebellion of the Percys and rebellious nature of his son led him to grow very ill.Act one scene one, he moaned about his son and mistakenly praises Hotspur’s qualities, saying that Hotspur is â€Å"a son (of Percy) who is the theme of honour’s tongue, implying that Hal brings him with nothing but shame and disgrace. His anger even drives him further to contemplate that if he only and Northumberland could switch sons, â€Å"would have I (himself) his Harry and he mine. Fortuantely, in the end the king gains back honour by defeating the rebels and his son, who used to represent everything he scorns and acts dishonourably, has redeemed himself and proves to be an effective warrior.Henry Momouth or affectionately known as Hal is an interesting character as well as complex. At the beginning,the audiences see Hal as a drunken idler who acts nothing like an heir to the throne. Unexpectedly, Hal, in Act 1scne 2< makes it clear that he doesn’t plan to live the rest of his life in this world of immorality, in fact he claims that he i s pretending to be this sort of person then when the right moment comes, he is going to transform himself into a person with all characteristics of the king. Reformation, glittering over faults, will do more goodly and attract more eyes† expresses his prediction that his â€Å"reformation† would make his subjects surprises and therefore gains more popularity for him which is necessary in order to keep the kingdom stable. Hal has a vision that the great honour of being king will at the eventually fall on him whether he likes it or not. This vision of future honour is the impetus of Hal’s self-reformation. Henry Hotspur was a renowned warrior whose actions and decisions all have been influenced by the concept of honour.Unlike other characters, Hotspur’ was too obsessed with honour, resulting in a single-minded decision making. For all his chivalry, Hotspur was an utter political failure. Act 4 Scene 1, despite possessing less troops, HOTSPUR, without opening his mind for Worcester and Vernon’s suggrstion, decided to confront the king’s troops the next day. Moreove, this sort of obsession makes Hotspur far from being diplomatic. Whenever he is angry, he always bursts and doesn’t listen to anyone but himself. All this proves that, comparing to Hal, he is not deserved to wield the power.However, despite these differences, he and Hal share only one common belief in one respect of honor. Both of them make it clear that in order for one to gain honor, another one must die first. â€Å"Harry to Harry shall, hot horse to horse, meet and never drop til one dropped a corpse† said Hotspur in Act 4 scene 1 before the battle of shrewsbury. This line best exemplified the fore-mentioned point. Falstaff lacked any sort of honur. â€Å"what is honur? A word†, expressed Flastaff, demonstrating his disenchanted attitude towards honour.Although having been opposing this concept, at the end of act 5 scene 4, Falstaff seem s to be sel-contradictory when he commented that he would embrace a new and more honourable lifestyle only if he gains honor and status after the battle. From this, it is clear that Falstaff would embrace the concept of honour only if honor comes to him first. Therefore he does not oppose honour for ideological reason but rather for practical reason as through out the play honour in anyform doesn’t seem to come to him‘ In conclusion, different characters in this play have different concepts of honour How Did Shakespeare Portray the Concept of Honor in Henry Iv Part 1 How did Shakespeare portray a concept of honour in Henry IV part 1? In this world, there exists, since the dawn of civilisation of mankind, a thing that we are fighting and dying for—that is honour. Shakespeare explores the theme of honour in Henry IV part 1 in a rather interesting way by having it presented in a different form varying from character to character. Henry IV wants to protect his honour by using any means available to vanquish the rebels, his sinful act to King Richard also keeps haunting him and shakes his own faith in his honour.While his son’s dishonourable acts in the beginning of the play wearies him further. Superficially, one may think Prince Hal is a typical young slacker whose life has been fully lured by the glamorous but immoral world of liquor,gambling, prostitution and crime, the truth is, unbeknownst to anyone, the prince is scheming to reform himself from an idler into a more responsible and competent heir to the throne. Here, his vision of honour of behaving like the royal is an impetus for him to seek new behaviour which will bring him more merits, making him an honourable figure the status he deserves.Or Hotspur, honour is everything, ironically more valuable than his wife. His excess obsession of honour induces many political mistakes, most notably his decision to confront the king at Shreswbury despite having less number of troops. In other words, Hotspur’s passion for honour blinds him from the reality. For all his chivalry and valor in the battle, Hotspur is proved to fail at being a military strategis as well as effective leader. It is none other than the lazy, unscrupulous and coward Sir Falstaff whose existence in the play represents the values that totally oppose the fore-mentioned concepts of honour.His disenchanted view on honour can make the audiences see that the reason behind other characters’ action are single-minded and irrational or more poignantly worthless. Overall, the exhilaration o f the play partially arises from Shakespeare’ way of presenting honour in various forms, paralleling the play to the real world where different people all know honour with different interpretation. King Henry IV whose name is the title of the play, is not in fact the protagonist, however the play speculates what has occurred during his turbulent reign. In Richard II, the audiences see him as dynamic and brave, indicating his kingly qualities.All the audiences must then be bewildered upon seeing him in this play. Suspicious, stressful and sick was the king after all dishonouralbe acts he did to King Richard previously. Shakespeare tries to explore how the sin of being viciously dishonourable comes back to haunt its perpetrator. Despite the king’s regret of what he did to Richard and his passion to redeem himself by going to crusade, this sin seems to block all the means for the king to purify himself. The rebellion of the Percys and rebellious nature of his son led him to grow very ill.Act one scene one, he moaned about his son and mistakenly praises Hotspur’s qualities, saying that Hotspur is â€Å"a son (of Percy) who is the theme of honour’s tongue, implying that Hal brings him with nothing but shame and disgrace. His anger even drives him further to contemplate that if he only and Northumberland could switch sons, â€Å"would have I (himself) his Harry and he mine. Fortuantely, in the end the king gains back honour by defeating the rebels and his son, who used to represent everything he scorns and acts dishonourably, has redeemed himself and proves to be an effective warrior.Henry Momouth or affectionately known as Hal is an interesting character as well as complex. At the beginning,the audiences see Hal as a drunken idler who acts nothing like an heir to the throne. Unexpectedly, Hal, in Act 1scne 2< makes it clear that he doesn’t plan to live the rest of his life in this world of immorality, in fact he claims that he i s pretending to be this sort of person then when the right moment comes, he is going to transform himself into a person with all characteristics of the king. Reformation, glittering over faults, will do more goodly and attract more eyes† expresses his prediction that his â€Å"reformation† would make his subjects surprises and therefore gains more popularity for him which is necessary in order to keep the kingdom stable. Hal has a vision that the great honour of being king will at the eventually fall on him whether he likes it or not. This vision of future honour is the impetus of Hal’s self-reformation. Henry Hotspur was a renowned warrior whose actions and decisions all have been influenced by the concept of honour.Unlike other characters, Hotspur’ was too obsessed with honour, resulting in a single-minded decision making. For all his chivalry, Hotspur was an utter political failure. Act 4 Scene 1, despite possessing less troops, HOTSPUR, without opening his mind for Worcester and Vernon’s suggrstion, decided to confront the king’s troops the next day. Moreove, this sort of obsession makes Hotspur far from being diplomatic. Whenever he is angry, he always bursts and doesn’t listen to anyone but himself. All this proves that, comparing to Hal, he is not deserved to wield the power.However, despite these differences, he and Hal share only one common belief in one respect of honor. Both of them make it clear that in order for one to gain honor, another one must die first. â€Å"Harry to Harry shall, hot horse to horse, meet and never drop til one dropped a corpse† said Hotspur in Act 4 scene 1 before the battle of shrewsbury. This line best exemplified the fore-mentioned point. Falstaff lacked any sort of honur. â€Å"what is honur? A word†, expressed Flastaff, demonstrating his disenchanted attitude towards honour.Although having been opposing this concept, at the end of act 5 scene 4, Falstaff seem s to be sel-contradictory when he commented that he would embrace a new and more honourable lifestyle only if he gains honor and status after the battle. From this, it is clear that Falstaff would embrace the concept of honour only if honor comes to him first. Therefore he does not oppose honour for ideological reason but rather for practical reason as through out the play honour in anyform doesn’t seem to come to him‘ In conclusion, different characters in this play have different concepts of honour

Ethics and Newspaper Chain - 658 Words

Group A:†¨ A newspaper columnist signs a contract with a newspaper chain. Several months later she is offered a position with another newspaper chain at a higher salary. Because she would prefer making more money, she notifies the first chain that she is breaking her contract. The courts will decide the legality of her action. But what of the morality? Did the columnist behave ethically? In my opinion the columnist did not behave ethically. If she signed a contract with a newspaper chain, then she can’t break that contract, even for more money. What does that say about her principals to the new company anyway. To incorporate the good vs. evil on this case is simple, because the good or what should be, is her staying with her current†¦show more content†¦The doctor is at a difficult position, because knowing that the pilot only has one month to retire, if she withholds the information, which to her, may seem like the right thing to do, the pilot can continue with his normal life for just one more month until he retires. But in reality, that would be the wrong thing to do, because of the consequences I just mentioned above. She is in a difficult position distinguishing the right vs. the wrong. The right thing to do is to tell the pilot of his condition, and allow him to make his own decisions as far as what he will do from that moment on. Like I have mentioned on the question above, Augustine and Aquinas are â€Å"pro-truth†, and therefor, I believe they would both decide against the doctor omitting the truth. I found something online I thought it was interesting: â€Å"The fact that the evil ones, as long as they live, can be corrected from their errors does not prohibit that they may be justly executed, for the danger which threatens from their way of life is greater and more certain than the good which may be expected from their improvement† (http://www.traditioninaction.org/religious/n012rp_DeathPenalty_Aquinas.htm). To me, that means that everyone is given the opportunity to correct their mistakes, but doesn’t mean they wont suffer the consequences. And in this case, the doctor needs to understand that the consequences of her omitting the truth are too big. 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